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The NACG and AGSRCA have an extensive research program that is aimed
at extending the understanding of reproductive biology, physiology,
embryology and cellular biology of several native and exotic species of
wildlife. Many of the projects are undertaken as part of undergraduate
and postgraduate student studies (See
Education Programs).
Projects include:
NACG also strives to publish research in high quality national and
international journals and present results at national and international
conferences.
In early 2005 the AGSRCA moved its large genebank and staff to the
Department of Physiology, Monash University. The group also gained a
staff member with this move- Dr Shae-Lee Cox- who is a reproductive
physiologist specializing in female reproduction and cryobiology. She
has held an Australian Research Council Postdoctoral Fellowship and has
worked on the control of ovarian function and assisted reproduction in
various mammalian (including wildlife) species. We are excited to have
her join us and look forward to her input. For more information email
shae.cox@med.monash.edu.au
The AGSRCA has recently gained a helping hand from the Cell Culture
Reagent supplier, JRH Biosciences (a member of the Sigma-Aldrich family
- www.sigmaaldrich.com). Sigma-Aldrich sales representative, Kerry
Herbison, kindly organized a substantial donation of fetal calf serum -
an essential reagent required to both freeze and grow cells. The AGSRCA
wishes to thank JRH Biosciences/Sigma-Aldrich for their generous support
of our important research.
The AGSRCA would also like to thank BOC gasses (www.boc.com) for their
generous sponsorship of liquid nitrogen that maintains the frozen zoo.
Conservation Genetics of the New
Holland Mouse,
Pseudomys novaehollandiae
Natasha Czarny, Peter Courtney (Melbourne Zoo)
and Dr Neil Murray (LaTrobe University)
The New Holland Mouse, Pseudomys novaehollandiae, is a native rodent
which has current wild populations surviving in the south-coast of Victoria,
mid-coast of New South Wales and Tasmania. In Victoria the species survives in
four populations and is listed as Endangered. A previous study demonstrated that
one of these populations, in Anglesea, is genetically distinct from the other
three Victorian populations. This Anglesea population has suffered serious
declines in recent years and is now suspected to be extinct in the wild, only
surviving from a small number of animals in captivity at Melbourne Zoo. In
addition to the live animals, the Animal Gene Resource and Storage Centre of
Australia has been cryopreserving fibroblastic and gonadal samples from deceased
animals for the last three years.
In order to set priorities for conservation and future research the phylogenetic
placement of the Anglesea population needed to be confirmed. In addition the
value of the cryopreserved material also needed to be established.
DNA was extracted, amplified and assessed using polymerase chain reaction and
fluorescent GeneScan analysis. Results did not indicate that the Anglesea
population was distinct but that another population in Loch Sport may be, but
further studies with a larger sample size are required to confirm this. The
assessment of diversity in the cryopreserved samples was positive and
demonstrated that the genetic diversity once found in the field, ten years ago,
has been maintained due to a well managed breeding program. Although very few
individuals are still held in captivity today, samples reflecting this diversity
are safely stored for use in further artificial reproduction in the future.
This project is supported by the Department of
Sustainability and Environment and the Royal Melbourne Zoological
Gardens.
Conservation and captive
breeding of the Grey Nurse Shark (Carcharias taurus) using model
species
Masters of Reproductive Sciences- Jonathan Daly, Prof. David Galloway,
Dr Ian Gunn and Nick Kirby (Oceanis Aquarium)
Jonathan Daly is a Masters of Reproductive Sciences student
investigating artificial reproduction in the endangered Grey Nurse
Shark. This project is run through Monash University, Monash Institute
of Medical Research, and the Oceanis Aquariums (Melbourne Aquarium) and
supported by Primary Industries Research Victoria (PIRVic) in
Queenscliff.
The Grey Nurse Shark is listed as Endangered on the East coast of
Australia, with numbers believed to be as low as 300-500 individuals.
The long gestation and small number of offspring (2 per pregnancy) means
that population numbers are falling faster than they can be replaced
naturally. It is therefore important to develop ways to improve the
efficiency of captive breeding programs so that it may be possible to
re-introduce captive-bred sharks into the wild. The large size and
scarcity of captive Grey Nurse Sharks mean that reproductive studies
must be done on model species, such as the Broadnose Sevengill Shark (Notorynchus
cepedianus) and the Sparsely Spotted Stingaree (Urolophus paucimaculatus).
Ultrasound examination of four mature female Sevengill sharks has been
ongoing at Melbourne Aquarium since June 2004. The technique was
developed to assess the reproductive cycle and follow development of
follicles and/or foetuses in a non-invasive manner. Sharks are caught
out of the ‘Oceanarium’ tank by divers using a specially made catch-out
bag, and brought to a holding area for examination. Ultrasound has shown
the growth and regression of follicles in Sevengill ovaries, and allowed
use to estimate the length and stage of the reproductive cycle in
individual sharks.
A behaviour scoring system has been implemented as a means of monitoring
the impact of regular handling on the wellbeing of the animals.
Monitoring behaviour at five time-points during the procedure has shown
that regular handling of sharks for clinical studies can be done with
minimal impact on animal welfare.
Work is also underway to develop sperm cryopreservation protocols using
the Sparsely Spotted Stingaree. Semen is collected and mixed with
diluents containing various combinations of cryoprotectant and egg yolk.
A series of experiments will be used to assess the effect of dilution
ratio, freezing method, and cryoprotectant equilibration periods on
post-thaw sperm survival.
The ability to follow reproductive events in elasmobranches using
ultrasonography is an important step in the application of Assisted
Reproductive Technology (ART) in these species. The development of sperm
cryopreservation techniques also has the capacity to greatly improve the
reproductive rate of these animals and allow movement of genetic
material internationally. ARTs can potentially be used to compliment
aquaria-based breeding programs for endangered species such as the grey
nurse shark (Carcharias taurus).
This project is generously supported by BHP Billiton
and the Oceanis Aquariums.
Female Reproduction in the Red-Tailed
Phascogale (Phascogale calura) and Brush-Tailed Phascogale (Phascogale
tapoatafa)
Masters of Reproductive
Sciences- Jessica Thomas, Natasha Czarny and Dr Shae-Lee Cox
Jessica Thomas is undertaking her Masters of Reproductive Sciences at
the Physiology Department at Monash University in 2005-2006. The
red-tailed phascogale is endangered and the brush-tailed phascogale
population is in decline due to loss of habitat, increased predation and
changed fire regimes. Jessica’s project will investigate many aspects of
reproduction in the female red-tailed and brush-tailed phascogale
including a non-invasive fecal steroid analysis with the aim of better
understanding the oestrus cycle. The ovary will be studied in detail in
order to understand the process of oocyte development. Fibroblastic cell
lines will be grown to preserve the genetic diversity of animals from
small captive populations. Finally, this study will investigate the
potential role of artificial reproductive techniques such as
xenografting for maturation of oocytes which, when harvested, can
potentially be used for in vitro fertilization.
This study can hopefully provide enough information about the
reproductive biology of these cryptic marsupials so that in the future
reproductive assistance can be given, should they require it.
Mainland Eastern Quoll Management Group
Natasha Czarny, Dr Ian Gunn, Dr Richard Woods (ESLink), Joel Little (ESLink),
Dr Karen Firestone (University of New South Wales) and Trevor Evans
(Australian Ecosystems Foundation)
The Mainland Eastern Quoll Management Group was established in 2004
and its aim is to manage viable captive populations for the long-term
survival of the species. It is comprised of private breeders,
conservation parks, scientists and animal managers from several states.
This group’s first action has been to collect DNA from all the captive
eastern quolls on the mainland and analyse the amount of inbreeding
present. This will enable the managers of the several different
populations to identify which animals are genetically unique and will
assist in maximising the available genetic diversity within breeding
programs.
DNA was collected as hair samples and analysis has now been performed.
The amount of inbreeding in the entire population is extremely high with
only a handful of animals possessing unique genes. The implications of
these results for the breeding of the captive population are now being
assessed.
This work has been generously sponsored by the R. E.
Ross Trust
Preservation of milt
from freshwater fish
Dr Ian Gunn, Jon Daly, Dr
Shae-Lee Cox, Natasha Czarny, Dr Gabriel Sanchez-Partida, Dr Jill Shaw,
Dr Willem Lindemans (Cryologics) and Dr Brett Ingram (Department of
Primary Industries)
The Norwood Animal Conservation Group has been collaborating with
Cryologics and the Department of Primary Industries (DPI), Victoria, to
investigate cryopreservation of sperm and in vitro fertilization in the
threatened murray cod and endangered trout cod. This study is examining
different holding media, cryoprotectants and freezing protocols.
Additionally the conditions necessary to maximize the life of chilled
milt are being investigated.
Artificial reproductive technologies (ART) have the potential to
streamline breeding in fisheries by allowing unsynchronized
fertilization events which could greatly reduce the time and resources
necessary for captive breeding. Cryopreservation of fish milt would
allow fisheries to exist without holding any males, hence allowing
higher stocking rates of females and increased reproductive output.
Furthermore, it would enable the preservation of important genetic lines
and allow the infusion of these genes back into the population
Genetic resource banking of cell
culture lines from Australian native wildlife
Natasha Czarny and Dr Ian
Gunn
The aim of the project is to develop and establish the procedure and
methodology for the culture and growth of fibroblastic cell lines using
tissue from a selection of Australian wildlife. This project is an
extension of the continuing collection and preservation of genetic
material from Australian wildlife species that have died in zoos and
conservation parks that are stored by the \AGSRCA. This project is
directed to ensure that it is possible to preserve the genetic resources
of these species in a safe and secure reserve. These genetic resources
will be suitable for future use in assisted breeding programs,
population studies and retrospective disease investigations thus
resulting in a contribution to the maintenance of biodiversity.
This study aims to collect and grow tissue from species such as the
bridled nail-tail wallaby, dingo, bilby, eastern quoll and red tailed
phascogale. Species which has so far been successfully cultured in our
lab include spot-tailed quoll, julia creek dunnart, fat-tailed dunnart,
new holland mouse and tasmanian bettong.
This project is yet to receive sponsorship, for more
information on how to help please contact
natasha.czarny@med.monash.edu.au
Whatman DNA Wildlife Library
Whatman Bioscience and Crown Scientific have joined the NACG to
create the Whatman DNA Wildlife Bank, a national DNA Library for all
animals. The Bank provides valuable information for research,
identification, population studies, genetic disease investigations and
selective breeding to assist in securing the survival of wildlife.
Whatman FTA Genecards are designed for room temperature collection,
shipment, archiving, and purification of DNA from various biological
samples including blood, buccal cells, feces, tissue cells, cultured
cells and plant tissue. Cards are impregnated with a patented chemical
formula to protect DNA from UV damage and microbial and fungal attack.
For more information or a free trial pack please contact:
shae.cox@med.monash.edu.au
Recently Completed Projects
Breeding, growth and genetics of the captive mainland eastern quoll,
Dasyurus viverrinus
Masters of Reproductive Science- Natasha Czarny,
Dr Ian Gunn and Prof. David Galloway
 This project was undertaken by Tasha Czarny during her Masters of
Reproductive Science at Monash Institute of Reproduction and Development
and Pearcedale Conservation Park. This project developed and used
non-invasive tools to investigate the reproductive biology and genetic
diversity of the eastern quoll, a native carnivorous marsupial which is
extinct on the mainland but is common in Tasmania. The recent
introduction for the Red Fox (Vulpes vulpes) to Tasmania has created
concern regarding the future of this population and justifies research
into aspects of the breeding biology of this species.
The genetics of captive animals was assessed using hair samples
collected from all the animals in the captive population at Pearcedale
Conservation Park. DNA was extracted and reliably amplified using
polymerase chain reaction. In each animal the size of five genes was
determined by fluorescent GeneScan analysis and revealed an extremely
inbred population in serious need of new bloodlines.
The reproduction and breeding cycles of the population was examined
using non-invasive methods. The reproductive cycles of females was
monitored by assessing urinary cytology, pouch development, weight
fluctuations and behavioural aspects. Fecal samples were collected
throughout the breeding season and a fecal steroid extraction and
estradiol and progesterone assay system was developed, tested and used.
This allowed monitoring of the estrous cycle and indicated appropriate
increases and decrease in hormonal levels at estrus and pregnancy as
indicated by urinary cytology and behavioural data.
Finally, the growth rates and anatomical development of pups born in
captivity was monitored. Statical models were developed to predict age
from the length and weight of individuals.
This study demonstrated that the various aspects of a species
reproductive biology can be investigated using non-invasive tools.
Results from this study have provided valuable information which can be
incorporated into management and breeding of captive mainland
populations of the eastern quoll.
This project was supported by the Holsworth Wildlife
Trust and the Australia Pacific Science Foundation.
Reproductive indicators and fecal
steroid analysis in the captive Victorian Squirrel glider, Petaurus
norfolcensis
Science Honours- Carly Woodd, Natasha Czarny,
Dr Wayne Sturrock and Dr Ian Gunn
This project was undertaken by Carly Woodd as part of her Honours
year of a Batchelor of Science Degree at the School of Applied Science,
Monash University, and Pearcedale Conservation Park during 2004.
The squirrel glider (Petaurus norfolcensis) is a medium sized Australian
marsupial with a pale grey coat, distinctive dark dorsal strip and a
long bushy tail. It is found in the forests and woodlands of eastern
Queensland, central and eastern New South Wales and northern and central
Victoria. Despite its relatively broad distribution the squirrel glider
is listed as a Threatened species in Victoria as a result of loss,
fragmentation and degradation of its natural habitat for farm land. A
basic understanding of the reproductive biology of a species is
essential before attempts can be made to establish captive breeding
programs and assist fertility.
This study examined the reproductive cycle of the squirrel glider by
non-invasive monitoring of urinary cytology, pouch development and
weight fluctuations. In addition the progesterone and estradiol fecal
steroid assay system developed by our group was further investigated
with the addition of thin layer chromatography to determine which forms
of hormone were present in the samples she was analysing. Results
indicated significant pre-estrus estradiol increases and interestingly
also post-partum increases, suggesting that the squirrel glider may
under go a post-partum estrus. Fecal progesterone profiles followed
expected patterns with significantly elevated concentrations following
estrus which were maintained throughout pregnancy.
The “mapping” of the Squirrel gliders oestrous cycle will enable more
successful captive breeding programs. It will also provide zoologists a
greater understanding of the reproductive biology for other closely
related species such as the Endangered Mahogany Glider (Petaurus
gracilis) and Leadbeaters possum (Gymnobelideus leadbeateri).
Education Programs
The Norwood Animal Conservation Group and the Animal Gene Resource
and Storage Centre of Australia is committed to increasing awareness of
conservation issues for Australian and exotic species. NACG participates
in graduate student programs at Monash University. Honours, Masters and
PhD students undertake projects to expand the reproductive knowledge of
species, adapt or use assisted reproductive technologies to help breed
captive and wild populations and to investigate population genetics to
assist with breeding strategies. Co-supervision of students by staff
members from zoos, wildlife sanctuaries and aquariums including curator
or vet, is encouraged.
For more information on NACG and AGSRCA projects
please contact Dr. Shae-Lee Cox (shae.cox@med.monash.edu.au)
The following is a list of
theses arising from,
or in association with, the NACG/AGSRCA:
Czarny N (2004) Genetics, growth and breeding of the captive mainland
Eastern Quoll, Dasyurus viverrinus. Masters of Reproductive Science,
Monash University, Australia.
Woodd C (2004) Reproductive indicators and fecal steroid analysis in the
captive Victorian Squirrel glider, Petaurus norfolcensis. Bachelor of
Science Honours, Monash University, Australia.
Cleary M (2004) Evaluation of strategies for the collection,
cryopreservation and in vitro maturation of common wombat (Vombatus
ursinus) ovarian tissue. Doctor of Philosophy Thesis. Monash University,
Australia.
Snow M (2003) Ovarian grafting for the conservation of endangered
species. Doctor of Philosophy Thesis. Monash University, Australia.
West M (2002) The oestrous cycle and manipulation of reproduction in the
common wombat (Vombatus ursinus). Masters of Reproductive Science,
Monash University, Australia.
Renke S (2000) Ovarian Structure and Function in the Eastern Grey
Kangaroo and Red Kangaroo. Masters of Reproductive Science, Monash
University, Australia.
Curnow E (2000) A study of aggregation chimeras: application of assisted
reproductive technology for conservation biology. Masters of
Reproductive Science, Monash University, Australia.
Pushett D (2000) Assisted Reproduction And Subsequent Embryo Development
To Form Embryos For Transfer And Cryobanking In Endangered Cats Using
The Domestic Cat As A Model. Doctor of Philosophy Thesis. Monash
University, Australia.
Metcalfe S (1999) Assisted Reproduction in the Bitch. Masters of
Reproductive Science, Monash University, Australia.
PUBLICATION LIST
Media
Recent media coverage for the group includes:
• appearances of both Jon
Daly and Tasha Czarny on channel 10’s Totally Wild television show
• appearances of Dr Ian
Gunn and Tasha Czarny on Great Minds Think Alike (http://www.sofweb.vic.edu.au/schoolstv/events/gmta_strm.htm)
• coverage of the launch
of the Norwood Animal Conservation Group and Ron Clarke as our
patron in the Herald Sun and Australian Biotechnology News (www.monashinstitute.org/emplibrary/NACGMediaRelease.doc)
• coverage of the quoll
project in The Herald Sun and Peninsula Radio (3RPP)
• coverage of the
Genebanks cryopreservation activities in The Australian, The
Veterinarian, ABC radio and on 7 news coverage of the shark project
by The Age and The Guardian (UK)
http://www.theage.com.au/articles/2004/09/22/1095651394200.html?from=storylhs,http://www.sharktrust.org/cgi/main.asp?newsfirst=714
and
http://www.underwatertimes.com/forum/viewtopic.php?p=1053
Scientific Journal Articles
West M, Galloway D, Shaw J, Trounson A and Paris MCJ (2004) The
oestrous cycle of the Common Wombat, Vombatus Ursinus, in Victoria.
Reproduction Fertility and Development 16: 339-346.
Cleary M, Shaw JM, Jenkin G and Trounson AO (2004) Influence of
hormone environment and donor age on cryopreserved common wombat (Vombatus
ursinus) ovarian tissue xenografted into nude mice. Reproduction
Fertility and Development 16:699-707.
Snow M, Cox S-L, Jenkin G and Shaw J (2004) The fertility of mice
following receipt of ovaries slow cooled in dimethyl sulfoxide or
ethylene glycol is largely independent of cryopreservation
equilibration time and temperature. Reproduction, Fertility and
Development 15:1-8.
Paris M, Snow M, Cox S-L and Shaw J (2004) Xenografting: an old
technology that is emerging as a novel tool in reproductive biology
and the conservation of endangered species. Theriogenology 61:
277-291.
West M, Paris MCJ, Cleary M, Shaw J, Galloway D and Trounson AO
(2003) In vitro maturation (IVM) of oocytes collected following
hormonal ovarian stimulation of common wombat (Vombatus Ursinus).
Theriogenology 59: 405.
Cleary M, Paris M, Shaw J, Jenkin G and Trounson A (2003) Effect of
ovariectomy and graft position on cryopreserved common wombat (Vombatus
ursinus) ovarian tissue following xenografting to nude mice.
Reproduction Fertility and Development 15: 333-342.
Cleary M, West M, Shaw J, Jenkin G and Trounson A (2003) In vitro
maturation of oocytes from non-stimulated common wombats.
Reproduction Fertility and Development 15:303-310.
Cleary M, Paris MCJ, Shaw J and Jenkin G (2002) Development of
antral follicles in cryopreserved wombat ovarian tissue following
xenotransplantation. Theriogenology 57: 580
Paris MCJ, White A, Reiss A, West M and Schwarzenberger F (2002)
Faecal progesterone metabolites and behavioural observations for the
non-invasive assessment of oestrous cycles in the common wombat (Vombatus
ursinus) and the southern hairy-nosed wombat (Lasiorhinus latifrons).
Animal Reproduction Science 2296: 1-13.
Snow M, Cox S-L, Jenkin G, Trounson A and Shaw J. (2002) Generation
of Live Young from Xenografted Mouse Ovaries. Science 297:2227.
West M, Lacham-Kaplan O, Bickell C, Cleary ML, Galloway D, Edwards
G, and Paris MCJ (2002) Successful superovulation of the Common
Wombat and cleavage following ICSI of resulting oocytes.
Theriogenology 57: 594
Metcalfe SS, Shaw JM and Gunn IM (2001) Xenografting of canine
ovarian tissue to ovariectomized severe combined immunodeficient (SCID)
mice. Journal of Reproduction and Fertility Supplement 57:323-9.
Wolvekamp MCJ, Cleary M, Shaw J, Cox S-L, Jenkin G and Trounson A
(2001) Follicular development in cryopreserved Common Wombat ovarian
tissue xenografted to Nude rats. Animal Reproduction 65: 135-147.
Wolvekamp MCJ, Cleary ML, Cox S-L, Shaw JM, Jenkin G and Trounson AO
(2001) Follicular development in cryopreserved Common wombat ovarian
tissue xenografted to Nude rats. Animal Reproduction and Science
2097:1-13.
Snow M, Cleary M, Cox S-L, Shaw J, Paris M and Jenkin G (2001)
Changes in the Viability of Ovarian Tissue Collected from Deceased
Mice. Reproduction, Fertility and Development 13: 389-394.
Cleary M, Snow M, Wolvekamp M, Shaw JM, Cox S-L, and Jenkin G (2001)
Cryopreservation of mouse ovarian tissue following prolonged
exposure to an ischaemic environment. Cryobiology 42: 121:133.
Bickell C, Wolvekamp M and Shaw J (2001) The development of a simple
freezing protocol for Common Wombat sperm. Theriogenology 55: 300.
Wolvekamp MCJ, MacCallum C, Cleary M, Shaw J, Cox S, Jenkin G, and
Trounson A (2000) Novel approach to save the critically endangered
Northern Hairy-nosed wombat (Lasiorhinus krefftii). Theriogenology
53: 345.
Cleary M, Snow M, Wolvekamp M, Shaw J, Cox S-L, and Jenkin G (2000).
The effect of cooling rate and prolonged exposure to an ischaemic
environment in situ or in vitro on post thaw ovarian tissue
viability. Australian Society for Reproductive Biology p 80.
Snow M, Cleary M, Cox S-L, Shaw J, Wolvekamp M, and Jenkin G (2000):
Viability of mouse ovarian tissue collected from deceased females.
Australian Society for Reproductive Biology p79.
Curnow EC, Gunn IM and Trounson AO (2000) Electrofusion of two-cell
bovine embryos for the production of tetraploid blastocysts in
vitro. Molecular Reproduction and Development 56:372-7.
Conferences
Cox S-L and Czarny N (2005) The Relevance of the Animal Gene
Resource and Storage Centre to Australian Zoological Institutions.
The Australasian Regional Association of Zoological Parks and
Aquaria and South East Asian Zoos Association (ARAZPA-SEAZA)
conference. Melbourne, Australia.
Czarny N (2005) Conservation Genetics and Potential Artificial
Reproduction in the New Holland Mouse. The Australasian Regional
Association of Zoological Parks and Aquaria and South East Asian
Zoos Association (ARAZPA-SEAZA) conference. Melbourne, Australia.
Daly J, Galloway D, Gunn IM and Kirby N (2005) Ultrasound
Examination of Ovaries in Sevengill Sharks. The Australasian
Regional Association of Zoological Parks and Aquaria and South East
Asian Zoos Association (ARAZPA-SEAZA) conference. Melbourne,
Australia.
Czarny N (2004) Validation of fecal estradiol and progesterone
radioimmunoassays in the Eastern quoll (Dasyurus viverrinus). The
Australasian Regional Association of Zoological Parks and Aquaria (ARAZPA)
conference. Auckland, New Zealand.
Curnow EC, Hayes ES, MacCallum C, Thorne A, Blyde D, Schwarzenberger
F and Gunn IM (2002) Reproductive events in paired Greater Bilby (Macrotis
lagotis) females monitored using faecal oestrogen and progestagen
metabolites. The Second International symposium on Assisted
Reproductive Technology for the Conservation and Genetic Management
of Wildlife. Omaha, Nebraska. USA.
Paris MCJ, West M, Cleary M and Trounson AO (2001) Development of
methods to obtain mature wombat oocytes in the Common Wombat,
Vombatus ursinus, as a first step towards cloning the endangered
Northern Hairy-nosed Wombat, Lasiorhinus krefftii. Australian Mammal
Society, 47th Scientific Meeting, Queensland, Australia.
Paris MCJ, West M, Cleary M, Galloway D and Trounson AO (2001)
Development of methods to obtain mature wombat oocytes in the Common
Wombat, Vombatus ursinus, as a first step towards cloning the
endangered Northern Hairy-nosed Wombat, Lasiorhinus krefftii.
Australian Embryo Transfer Society Proceedings. Ab 50.
West M, Paris MCJ, Galloway D, Wright P, Shaw J and Trounson AO
(2001) The oestrous cycle of the Common Wombat (Vombatus ursinus)
assessed by comparing vaginal smears and plasma progesterone
concentration. Proceedings of the 32nd Annual Conference, Australian
Society for Reproductive Biology Brisbane, Australia
Cleary M, Paris M, Shaw J, Jenkin G and Trounson AO (2001) Antral
follicle development following xenotransplantation of cryopreserved
wombat ovarian tissue into nude mice. Proceedings of the 32nd Annual
Conference, Australian Society for Reproductive Biology. Brisbane,
Australia.
Paris MCJ, Cleary M and Trounson AO (2001) In vitro maturation of
wombat oocytes: not an easy option for production of M2 oocytes.
Proceedings of the 32nd Annual Conference, Australian Society for
Reproductive Biology. Brisbane, Australia.
Gunn IM. And Chen C (2001) Cloning of Felines and Canines. Recent
progress and the future potential. . Australian Embryo Transfer
Conference. Ballarat, Victoria, Australia.
Gunn IM (2001) GeneSearch. A Computer data base for genetic
resources. . Australian Embryo Transfer Conference. Ballarat,
Victoria, Australia.
Gunn, IM. (2001) Potential role of assisted reproduction technology
in animal conservation. Biotechnology in Malaysia. Biotechnology in
Agriculture, Industry and Conservation. The 6th. symposium of the
Malaysian society of applied biology. Malaysia.
Curnow EC, Gunn IM, Hayes ES, Stark S, MacCallum C, Thorne A, Blyde
D and Schwarzenberger F (2001) Faecal progestagens and oestrogen
evaluation to monitor the oestrus cycle in the Greater Bilby (Macrotis
lagotis)" 27th. International Embryo Transfer Society Conference on
Assisted Reproductive Technology for the Conservation & Genetic
Management of Wildlife. Nebraska, U.S.A.
Metcalfe S, Gunn IM and Shaw JM (2000) In-vitro maturation,
fertilisation and early embryonic development in the dog.
International Congress on Animal Reproduction Satellite meeting, the
4th International Symposium on Canine and Feline Reproduction. Oslo,
Norway.
Gunn IM, Giles J, Blyde D. and MacCallum C (2000) The utilization
and benefits of assisted reproductive technology in wildlife
conservation. ARAZPA/ASZK conference. Queensland, Australia.
Pushett, DA., Lacham-Kaplan,O., Gunn,IM., Trounson, AO (2000)
Intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) using epidermal sperm and in
vitro matured oocytes in domestic cats: A model for endangered
species. Theriogenology. 53: 400.
Reinke S, Gunn IM , Renfree MB and Trounson A (1999) Localisation of
the Progesterone Receptor in the Adult Female Kangaroo. 13th Annual
Conference Proceedings Australian Society of Reproductive Biology,
Melbourne, Australia.
Pushett D, Lacham-Kaplan O, Gunn I and Trounson A (1999) Assisted
reproduction and subsequent embryo development to form embryos for
transfer and cryobanking in endangered cats. 13th Annual Conference
Proceedings Australian Society of Reproductive Biology. Melbourne,
Australia.
Metcalfe SS, Gunn IM and Shaw JM (1999) In-vitro maturation,
fertilisation and early embryonic development in the dog. 13th
Annual Conference Proceedings Australian Society of Reproductive
Biology, Melbourne, Australia.
Curnow E, Gunn IM, and Trounson AO (1999) Development of chimeric
bovine embryos after asynchronous blastomere aggregation. 26th
International Embryo Transfer Society Conference, USA.
Gunn IM (1998) Conservation of Genetic Resources in Australia. 5th
International Symposium on Comparative Mammalian Reproduction
Euro-American Mammal Conference. Spain.
Trounson A, Gunn I, Lacham-Kaplan O, Lewis I, McKinnon A, Peura T
and Shaw J. (1998) Manipulation of development: opportunities for
animal breeding. Special anniversary conference - Gametes:
Development and Function. Milan, Italy.
Metcalfe S and IM Gunn (1998) Progesterone production during
in-vitro maturation of canine oocytes. Australian Society of
Reproductive Biology. Perth, Australia.
Thorne A, Cox R, Gunn I, Woods R, Blyde D and Trounson A (1998)
Characterisation of oestrous cycles and pregnancy in black
rhinoceros (Diceros bicornis) using salivary hormone analysis. 26th.
Euro-American Mammal Conference, Spain.
Gunn I, Thorne A, Blyde D, Woods R and Trounson A (1998)
Investigation of semen collection methods from the black rhinoceros
(Diceros bicornis). 26th. Euro-American Mammal Conference, Spain.
Gunn I, Woodford M and English T (1998) Determination of the causes
of reproductive failure in working Asian elephants (Elephas
maximus). 5th International Symposium on Comparative Mammalian
Reproduction. 26th.Euro-American Mammal Conference, Spain.
Gunn IM (1997) Back from the Brink. National Science Briefings,
Department of Industry, Science and Tourism, Canberra, Australia.
Pushett DA, Gunn IM and Trounson AO (1997) Assisted fertilisation
and subsequent embryo development to form embryos for captive and
endangered felid species. AAVCB Conference Proceedings, Brisbane,
Queensland.
Gunn IM and Kolosi J (1996) An International Gene Bank for Guide
Dogs; Organisation, Utilisation & Potential. The International
Federation of Guide Dogs Schools for the Blind, Paris.
I.M. Gunn and P. Batt (1996) The value and future of developing our
international guide dog gene bank. Federation of Guide Dog
Associations Meeting Conference, Paris.
Invited Presentations
Czarny N, Cox S-L, Gunn IM (2004) Experiences with a Genome
Resource Bank. Captivity, Reintroduction and Disease Control
Technologies for Amphibians, Amphibian Research Centre conference.
Werribee, Australia.
http://frogs.org.au/ppt/TashaCzarny-GenomeResourceExperience/
Gunn IM. (1996) The establishment of the Animal Gene Storage and
Resource Centre of Australia. The Walter and Eliza Medical Research
Institute. Melbourne, Australia.
Gunn IM (1997) Preserving Our Genetic Resources. Wildlife Australia,
Queensland Museum, Australia.
Gunn IM (1997) Recreating the Thylacine. Thylacinus, vol. 21 no.4.
Extinction is Forever. Gunn,IM. 2001. Science and Arts Forum.
Sunraysia Institute of TAFE, Mildura, Australia
Australia's Frozen Ark. Gunn, IM. ABC Radio. Science Show- Ockham's
Razor. Recorded July 2001.
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Acknowledgement for photograph
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